Physics JAMB Past Question

Measurements and Units

Question 1 (2021, Q12):

Which of the following is a fundamental unit in the SI system?

A) Newton

B) Joule

C) Kilogram

D) Watt

Answer: C) Kilogram
Explanation: The kilogram is one of the seven fundamental units in the SI system, representing mass. Newton, Joule, and Watt are derived units.

Question 2 (2019, Q7):

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

A) Speed

B) Distance

C) Velocity

D) Temperature

Answer: C) Velocity
Explanation: Velocity is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction. Speed, distance, and temperature are scalar quantities.

Question 3 (2020, Q15):

A car accelerates uniformly from rest at 2 m/s² for 5 seconds. What is its final velocity?

A) 2 m/s

B) 5 m/s

C) 10 m/s

D) 20 m/s

Answer: C) 10 m/s
Explanation: Using the formula \( v = u + at \), where \( u = 0 \), \( a = 2 \, \text{m/s}² \), and \( t = 5 \, \text{s} \), the final velocity \( v = 0 + (2 \times 5) = 10 \, \text{m/s} \).

Question 4 (2018, Q23):

The acceleration due to gravity on the moon is about 1.6 m/s². What is the weight of a 10 kg object on the moon?

A) 1.6 N

B) 16 N

C) 10 N

D) 100 N

Answer: B) 16 N
Explanation: Weight = mass × acceleration due to gravity. On the moon, \( W = 10 \, \text{kg} \times 1.6 \, \text{m/s}² = 16 \, \text{N} \).

Question 5 (2022, Q9):

Two forces of 5 N and 12 N act at right angles to each other. What is the magnitude of the resultant force?

A) 7 N

B) 13 N

C) 17 N

D) 25 N

Answer: B) 13 N
Explanation: The resultant force is calculated using the Pythagorean theorem: \( R = \sqrt{5² + 12²} = \sqrt{25 + 144} = \sqrt{169} = 13 \, \text{N} \).

Question 6 (2020, Q18):

A force of 10 N moves an object 5 m in the direction of the force. What is the work done?

A) 2 J

B) 5 J

C) 50 J

D) 100 J

Answer: C) 50 J
Explanation: Work done = force × distance = \( 10 \, \text{N} \times 5 \, \text{m} = 50 \, \text{J} \).

Question 7 (2019, Q14):

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the frictional force between two surfaces?

A) Nature of the surfaces

B) Area of contact

C) Normal reaction

D) Temperature

Answer: B) Area of contact
Explanation: